Conflict between 19551976 and 19832005 between the colonially modernised arab north and the underdeveloped christian and animist south brought widespread civilian suffering. The paper analyses the dynamics of the 20 conflict in south sudan, reflecting on the root causes of the conflict within the ranks of splma the ruling bodyactor in south sudan. Both south sudanese and the international community were illprepared to prevent or halt the conflict. South sudan s civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. South sudan being ugandas largest export market and trading partner, updf intervention was a strategic move that helped to maintain thriving trade relations. Updf soldiers, aid workers and south sudanese government officials conducted. In 2015, pax decided to commission a followup scenario process, aimed at contributing to discussion on the future of south. As national political commissar for the updf, colonel felix kulayigye evaluated and clarified. The new civil war in south sudan began in december 20. Understanding ugandasouth sudan business community trade relations 5 executive summary this study is the result of a factfinding mission to south sudans capital city of juba in november 20, led by international alert and including representatives from the uganda national chamber of commerce and industry uncci. Jonglei is not the only south sudanese state wracked by cattle raids and tribal violence.
Since its independence in 1956, sudan has seen an intermittent civil war. As the conflict escalated, ugandan troops started fighting on the side of forces loyal to kiir. This study examines the military history of the lra in sudan, the current prospects for ending the. During the initial days of the conflict, the government of south sudan invited ugandan intervention. A year of south sudans third civil war sage journals.
Uganda peoples defence forces updf task was to secure juba. This was compounded by a devastating famine in 1988. Learn more about the sudan economy, including the population of sudan, gdp, facts, trade, business, inflation and other data and analysis on its economy from the index of economic freedom. The military dynamics of south sudans civil war satellite sentinel. Riek machar, pagan amum and rebecca nyandeng voted to boycott the sunday december 15, 20 meeting of the nlc. From 2007 to 2011, the international institute for strategic studies estimated the updf had a total strength of 40,00045,000 and consisted of land forces and an air wing. South sudan, as a result of tribal and political conflict, is a country in name only.
United nations mission in the republic of south sudan unmiss since the outbreak of the conflict on 15 december. Dec 23, 2015 during the initial days of the conflict, the government of south sudan invited ugandan intervention. Igad is not fit to mediate on current conflict in south sudan because they are not impartial as you said it. The military dynamics of south sudans ivil war jubabased observer july 2014 introduction after seven months of war and several failed attempts at peace, south sudans civil war shows few signs of letting up. His excellency geoffrey okanga, kenyas high commissioner to uganda, clarified kenyas careful position on south sudan in his presentation titled regional concerns of the south sudan conflict. Pdf on jan 1, 20, lukong stella shulika and others published interethnic conflict in south sudan. Katumba wamala the commander defence forces has said. The history of south sudan comprises the history of the territory of presentday south sudan and the peoples inhabiting the region. The sudan peoples liberation movement, the ruling political party that originally led the way for independence, is now divided and fighting for power. Updf participate in the drills near the south sudan border in 2014 afpgetty.
Finding peaceful resolution to the conflict in south sudan. Uganda seeks to be a regional power, is militarist and prone to adventures. Since the eruption of the armed conflict in the south sudan, the splm a leadership remained in the hands of the former chairman late dr. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan council. With representatives from the kenyan high commission, south sudan embassy and the updf, presentations were given on the causes of the conflict, regional. The uganda people s defence force updf, previously known as the national resistance army, is the armed forces of uganda. An analysis of mediation as a tool in conflict resolution in.
The uganda peoples defence forces updf will stay in the south sudan as long as the security situation there compromises ugandas own, gen. Learn about the civil war in south sudan, sanctions imposed by the united states and europe, and other recent developments on cfrs global conflict tracker. Sudan and south sudans merging conflicts crisis group. The northsouth conflict in historical perspective t he peoples ofsouthern sudan have suffered nearly two centuries of colonial rule under the turkoegyptian, the mahdiya, the anglo egyptian, and the postindependencenorthern regimes. Particularly, the security of jubanimule road, which has been maintained throughout the conflict, was an important factor for trade relations to continue.
Uganda chief of defence forces katumba wamala addresses updf soldiers deployed in south sudan early this year. Kiir, and the updf intervention freed up south sudanese troops loyal to kiir to fight. The uganda peoples defense force updf was deployed to south sudan in the. May 11, 2014 uganda chief of defence forces katumba wamala addresses updf soldiers deployed in south sudan early this year. South sudan being uganda s largest export market and trading partner, updf intervention was a strategic move that helped to maintain thriving trade relations.
President salva kiir ordered splm major general marial ciennoung, commander. A policy workshop country case study the root causes of conflicts in sudan and the making of the darfur tradegy eltigani seisi. A human rights report united nations mission in south sudan. A conflict which has also been called a civil war in south sudan began on the evening of 15 december 20, at the meeting of the national liberation council meeting at nyakuron, when opposition leaders dr. Understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Sep 14, 2016 understanding the roots of conflict in south sudan. Since its independence in 2011, south sudan is battling a new civil war. Timeline and rates of conflict events in south sudan. Others feared that the presence of the updf would invite other actors into the conflict and could potentially engulf the region in a war. However, the cdf reaffirms that their disengagement will depend on how soon the protection and deterrent force pdf that comprises of igad member. The report builds upon the unmiss interim report on human rights, released on 21 february.
The bold recommendations made in ending south sudans civil war. The conflict has demonstrated a shift from the northnortheast area to the south and southwest of the state over time see figure 2. Conflict analysis and options for systemic conflict. Igad is unfit to mediate in the south sudans conflict. To ugandas credit, the updf helped the situation for the refugees to come here. There are many causes for the conflict in south sudan, ranging from ethnic tensions, management of oil resources and the power struggle between president salva kiir and opposition leader dr. South sudan conflict analysis brief south sudan, the worlds youngest nation, continues to struggle despite the august 2015 signature of a peace agreement. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the splm in opposition splmio.
As its implementation faltered, violence between factions broke out again in july 2016, setting back the peace process once again. From independence to civil war united states holocaust memorial. South sudan seceded from the republic of sudan in 2011. In december 20, president kiir accused his former deputy riek machar and ten others of attempting a coup detat. South sudan conflict pdf download south sudan conflict. Uganda defends attacking rebel territories in south sudan. The wants study to concentrate on the conflict as from 20 because of its relative importance in checking the stability of the intra south sudan conflict upon attaining the status of a country. The support from both local and international community for the conflict, struggle and the situation of the general population of south sudan is fading and even under the least favourable. Uganda says its troops shelled rebel territories killing and injuring those fighting for south sudan s rebel leader riek machar. The south sudanese civil war was a conflict in south sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. Pdf on jun 1, 20, ana elisa cascao and others published resourcebased conflict in south sudan and gambella ethiopia. Updf would only leave south sudan if there was an alternative security. Conflict in south sudan and the challenges ahead congressional research service summary south sudan, which separated from sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 20, when a political dispute that overlapped with preexisting ethnic and political fault lines turned violent. The conflict has been marked by the failure of the government of the republic of south sudan.
United nations mission in the republic of south sudan. Explaining the illegality of ugandas intervention in the current. Pdf resourcebased conflict in south sudan and gambella. The current civil war in south sudan has impacted ugandan politics and. We recovered some bones from behind the house where guma alleges he burnt her body from, mr opio said. The negotiations, which concluded with an agreement to end the conflict on may 9, followed. Uprisings that erupted after the elections of 2010 and independence in 2011 and the clashes at the border between sudan and south sudan have been discussed in academic as well as policyrelated publications.
Geographically, south sudan is not part of the sudan region at all the sahel, forming as it does part of subsaharan africa. You are right dr machar lacks strategic thinking by accepting igad mediation while president musevenis army udf is fighting along side spla. South sudan conflict pdf download south sudan conflict issue pdf download south sudan gained independence from sudan in july 2011, but the hardwon celebration was shortlived. He, however, doubted the account saying barimpa was a fat woman and couldnt be burnt and. Five days later, uganda sent troops into south sudan, advancing a. Ending south sudans civil war council on foreign relations. When water, land and oil mix with politics find, read and cite all. For more than eighteen months, the intergovernmental authority on development igad, the regional body mediating peace negotiations to end south sudans civil war, has struggled to secure a deal in the face of deep regional divisions and the parties truculence. The conflict has been marked by the failure of the government of the republic of south sudan government as well as of the opposition forces to protect civilians from violence. Since the conflict started in december 20, more than 4 million people have fled their homes, with 2. Timeline and rates of conflict events in south sudan, from. South sudans civil war is the result of a weakly institutionalized state and may require the african unions intervention to find peace and. There is little need to repeat yet again this rather long history. Sudan and its troops could jeopardize a peace deal there.
1407 564 199 341 175 207 35 909 689 861 1392 1118 176 1184 1537 1115 595 1131 1240 1383 80 1574 5 1190 660 455 1443 1484 936 1419 587 1203 158 1005 788 605 524 282 103 186